In a landmark decision, on February 7th, 2024 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) unveiled stricter regulations for fine particulate matter, a major air pollutant linked to numerous health problems. This marks the first update to the EPA’s standards in over a decade, and officials anticipate it will save thousands of American lives annually. Fine particulate matter, often referred to as “soot,” penetrates deep into lungs and even enters the bloodstream, posing significant health risks.

Imagine particles 30 times smaller than a hair, floating unseen in the air we breathe. These microscopic invaders, known as PM2.5, originate from power plants, wildfires, and factories, silently infiltrating our lungs. Often mistaken for soot, PM2.5 poses a significant threat to health, linked to asthma, lung disease, heart problems, and respiratory issues.

Alarmingly, one-third of Americans inhale this unhealthy air. Yet, the burden isn’t shared equally. Low-income and minority communities, historically positioned near polluting infrastructure, experience the brunt of these health impacts. This environmental injustice demands attention.

The Biden administration’s new rule strengthens air quality standards by lowering the allowable level of fine particulate matter from 12 to 9 μg/m³ of air. This stricter standard is estimated to save 4,500 lives each year and generate $46 billion in annual health benefits thanks to reduced respiratory illnesses and other health problems.

In a nationwide effort to safeguard air quality and ensure compliance with new regulations, the EPA will launch an air sampling program across the country from 2024 to 2026. Additionally, the EPA will be refining its air monitoring network to more effectively assess air pollution risks faced by communities residing near industrial facilities. States will then have 18 months to develop plans that meet the EPA’s updated requirements.

New air quality standards could impact 59 U.S. counties, according to the EPA. This represents less than 2% of all counties nationwide, but raises concerns from industry groups like the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, which estimates a much higher non-compliance rate of 18%. States that fail to meet the stricter standards face penalties starting in 2032.

For more info visit EPA or download the Presentation.